- Factor #2: Discrimination on the basis of ethnicity or religion
Learning Objectives:
| To understand the concept of value and of cultural identity;
To understand the link between values and culture; To understand the influence of our culture on our behaviors and our points of view |
Time:
2 periods
Necessary Materials:
- One copy of the story “Abigail” per participant,
- Enough space for each participant so that they can walk individually and in small groups of 4-5
Description of the activity:
- Explain to the participants that this exercise is about examining different values.
- Give a copy of the following story to each participant and ask them to read the story:
“Abigail loves Tom who lives on the other side of the river. A flood has destroyed all bridges across the river and has left only one boat afloat. Abigail asks Sinbad, the owner of the boat, to bring her to the other side. Sinbad agrees on the condition that Abigail has to sleep with him first. Abigail, not knowing what to do, runs to her mother and asks her for advice, who tells her that she does not want to interfere with Abigail’s own business. In her desperation Abigail sleeps with Sinbad, who in return brings her across the river. Abigail runs to find Tom, she hugs him gleefully and tells him everything that has happened. Tom bluntly pushes her away and Abigail runs away. Not far from Tom’s house, Abigail meets John, Tom’s best friend. She shares the story with him as well. John hits Tom for what he has done to Abigail and walks away with her.”
- Ask everybody to read the story by him/herself and to rank the character (Abigail, Tom, Sinbad, Abigail’s mother, John) according to their behavior: who acted worst? Who second worst? …
- After reading the story, the participants must individually evaluate each character based on their behavior (Abigail, Tom, Sinbad, Abigail’s mother and John)
- Who was the worst-behaved character?
- Who was the best-behaved character?
- After most of the participants have done their ranking, ask them to get together in small groups (3 to 6), to discuss about how they perceive the behavior of the characters.
- The task: the small groups are to come up with a list (ranking the best to the worst behaved character) that everybody in the small group can agree on. Ask them to avoid using mathematical methods in order to establish the list, but rather to build that list on the basis of a shared understanding of what is good and what is bad.
- After the small groups have come up with their lists, you can optionally repeat this phase by bringing two small groups together to form medium-size groups.
- Evaluate the exercise in plenary by first bringing together the results and by discussing the similarities and differences between them.
- Move on to ask on which grounds people made their ranking. How could they decide what was good and what was bad behavior? How difficult or easy it is to negotiate about values when having to establish a common list.
- You can ask people how they managed to come up with a common list – which arguments worked to convince them, and why, and where there was a border of being able to understand and/or follow the other.
- A possible follow up is to then look at where we learned what is good and what is bad – and what that tells us about what we have in common and what makes us different.
Recommendations:
This story is very useful when introducing the otherwise abstract concept of values to participants, since it very clearly puts them in a situation where they have to apply values in order to make a ranking.
A variation to the exercise is to play it as done here, and then to repeat it with a changed story, in which all the women become men, and vice-versa. Does the same ranking still apply? Why do things change?
More variations are possible: include the age of the characters in the story and play around with it, make them all have the same gender, include ethnic or national background. And then look at how the changes in the story make a difference to your ranking and why that is.
In order to get the best results from the exercise, it is essential that you establish an open atmosphere in which every ranking of the story is okay and where you do not start “blaming” people for arguments you might consider strange or bad yourself.